Bones - they are not static, they can become stronger and denser as a result of the demands placed on them through exercise. This can increase the bone mineral content (calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate). the type of exercise to build bone is strength training and load bearing exercise that work against gravity. E.g. tennis basketball walking and running. Bones are strengthened as a result of the stress that exercise gives to them which leads to greater quantities of calcium and collagen being deposited within them. This can help reduce the risk of osteoporosis which is degenerative condition. The supporting connective tissue around the joints is also strengthened.
Ligaments – ligament increase their ability to cope with loads through the increase in collagen fibres which are produced by fibroblasts (cells within the connective tissue of the ligament)
Hyaline cartilage - this is the cartilage that cover the ends of bones, also called articular cartilage, which protects them. Regular exercise can increase its thickness.
Synovial fluid – movement of joint stimulates the secretion of synovial fluid. With regular exercise this becomes les viscous (more fluid) and the range of movement at the joint increases as connective tissue around the joint improves its flexibility.